{"id":5062,"date":"2022-04-11T13:03:49","date_gmt":"2022-04-11T11:03:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/audiotek.es\/?p=2403"},"modified":"2026-09-14T17:17:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T15:17:49","slug":"sons-molestos-orelles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/audiotek.es\/ca\/sonidos-molestos-oidos\/","title":{"rendered":"Els 8 sons m\u00e9s molestos per a les O\u00efdes Humanes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Has sentit mai que certs sons et posen la pell de gallina o et generen una incomoditat immediata i involunt\u00e0ria? No \u00e9s una exageraci\u00f3: hi ha sons que, per la seva freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, intensitat o caracter\u00edstiques ac\u00fastiques, resulten especialment <strong>molestos i nocius per a l'o\u00efda humana<\/strong>. Con\u00e8ixer-los pot ajudar-te a protegir la teva audici\u00f3 i entendre millor com respon el teu cervell al so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Per qu\u00e8 alguns sons s\u00f3n m\u00e9s molestos que d'altres?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La percepci\u00f3 d'un so com a molest no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s subjectiva: t\u00e9 una base neurol\u00f2gica i fisiol\u00f2gica. Els sons de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies entre <strong>2.000 i 5.000 Hz<\/strong> s\u00f3n els que activen amb m\u00e9s intensitat l'am\u00edgdala, la regi\u00f3 del cervell associada a la por i les emocions negatives. A m\u00e9s, l'o\u00efda humana \u00e9s especialment sensible en aquest rang de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies \u2014precisament el de la parla humana\u2014, cosa que significa que certs sons desencadenen una resposta d'alerta autom\u00e0tica i dif\u00edcil de controlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aix\u00f2 se suma el factor de la intensitat (mesurada en decibels). L'exposici\u00f3 continuada a sons superiors a <strong>85 dB<\/strong> pot danyar les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules ciliades de l'o\u00efda interna de forma irreversible, causant <a href=\"\/ca\/perdua-auditiva\/\">p\u00e8rdua auditiva<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Els 8 sons m\u00e9s molestos per a l'o\u00efda humana<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. El grinyol de les ungles sobre la pissarra (o la forquilla sobre el plat)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquest so \u00e9s reconegut universalment com un dels m\u00e9s desagradables. Les investigacions demostren que produeix una resposta negativa immediata en pr\u00e0cticament totes les persones. La seva freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia principal, entre 2.000 i 4.000 Hz, coincideix amb el rang m\u00e9s sensible de l'o\u00efda humana. A m\u00e9s, la seva textura irregular i brusca activa l'am\u00edgdala cerebral amb especial intensitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. El plor d'un nad\u00f3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Evolutivament, el cervell hum\u00e0 est\u00e0 programat per respondre amb urg\u00e8ncia al plor d'un nad\u00f3. Pot arribar a entre <strong>110 i 130 dB<\/strong> en els moments de major intensitat. La seva freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia i ritme irregular activen mecanismes d'alerta que generen estr\u00e8s i ansietat, fins i tot en persones sense fills. Des del punt de vista auditiu, l'exposici\u00f3 perllongada a aquest nivell de decibels pot ser perjudicial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. El trepant i les eines el\u00e8ctriques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un trepant dom\u00e8stic genera entre <strong>90 i 110 dB<\/strong>. L'exposici\u00f3 sense protecci\u00f3 auditiva, fins i tot durant per\u00edodes curts, pot danyar les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules ciliades de l'o\u00efda interna. Els treballadors de la construcci\u00f3 que no fan servir protecci\u00f3 auditiva presenten taxes significativament m\u00e9s altes de p\u00e8rdua auditiva indu\u00efda per soroll. Per aix\u00f2, l'\u00fas de protectors auditius (taps o auriculars d'atenuaci\u00f3) \u00e9s obligatori en entorns laborals sorollosos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. La frenada de trens i metros<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El xiscle agut que produeixen els trens i metros en frenar pot superar els <strong>100 dB<\/strong> en els andanes. Aquest so combina alta intensitat amb freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies agudes molt molestes. Estudis en ciutats europees han demostrat que les persones que utilitzen el metro di\u00e0riament sense protecci\u00f3 auditiva acumulen un nivell significatiu de dany auditiu al llarg dels anys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Les sirenes d'emerg\u00e8ncia<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les sirenes d'ambul\u00e0ncies, bombers i policia estan dissenyades deliberadament per ser el m\u00e9s molestes i ineludibles possible: aquest \u00e9s el seu objectiu. Generen entre <strong>110 i 120 dB<\/strong> a poca dist\u00e0ncia. Tot i que la seva exposici\u00f3 sol ser breu, els conductors de vehicles d'emerg\u00e8ncia que les senten repetidament sense protecci\u00f3 poden patir danys auditius acumulatius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. La m\u00fasica a un volum alt amb auriculars<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquest \u00e9s un dels riscos m\u00e9s subestimats per a l'audici\u00f3, especialment entre els joves. Escoltar m\u00fasica amb auriculars a m\u00e9s del <strong>60% del volum m\u00e0xim<\/strong> durant m\u00e9s de 60 minuts al dia pot causar danys auditius progressius. Els auriculars in-ear s\u00f3n especialment problem\u00e0tics perqu\u00e8 dirigeixen el so directament al canal auditiu sense amortiguaci\u00f3. L'OMS estima que <strong>1.100 milions de joves al m\u00f3n<\/strong> corren risc de p\u00e8rdua auditiva per aquest h\u00e0bit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. El soroll dels avions a l'enlairar-se<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El enlairament d'un avi\u00f3 genera entre <strong>130 i 140 dB<\/strong> cerca de la pista. A nivell del passatger en cabina, el soroll constant durant un vol oscil\u00b7la entre <strong>75 i 85 dB<\/strong>. El soroll dels motors combinat amb el de la presuritzaci\u00f3 de l'aire crea una exposici\u00f3 perllongada que pot fatigar l'o\u00efda. Els pilots i el personal de terra s\u00f3n els m\u00e9s exposats i solen utilitzar protecci\u00f3 auditiva especialitzada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Els concerts i discoteques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un concert de rock o una discoteca pot assolir entre <strong>100 i 120 dB<\/strong>. A 100 dB, el dany auditiu pot comen\u00e7ar en tan sols <strong>15 minuts<\/strong> d'exposici\u00f3 sense protecci\u00f3. El fenomen de l\u00ab\u00bbo\u00efda tapada\u00bb i els xiulets despr\u00e9s d'un concert (tinnitus temporal) s\u00f3n senyals que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules ciliades han patit estr\u00e8s. En alguns casos, aquest dany pot ser permanent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Taula de refer\u00e8ncia: nivells de soroll i danys auditius<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>0\u201370 dB:<\/strong> Zona segura. Sense risc auditiu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>70\u201385 dB:<\/strong> Zona de precauci\u00f3. L'o\u00efda pot tolerar-ho durant hores, per\u00f2 amb cansament.<\/li>\n<li><strong>85\u2013100 dB:<\/strong> Zona de risc. El dany pot comen\u00e7ar despr\u00e9s de 2 hores d'exposici\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>100\u2013110 dB:<\/strong> Zona de alt risc. Possible dany en 15 minuts sense protecci\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>+120 dB: L\u00edmite del dolor. Possible dany immediat amb exposici\u00f3 breu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Com protegir la teva audici\u00f3 dels sons molestos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tapons per a les orelles:<\/strong> S\u00f3n la protecci\u00f3 m\u00e9s senzilla i accessible. N'hi ha d'escuma d'un sol \u00fas (atenuaci\u00f3 ~30 dB) i de silicona modelats a mida (major comoditat i precisi\u00f3 d'atenuaci\u00f3).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Auriculars amb cancel\u00b7laci\u00f3 de soroll:<\/strong> Redueixen el soroll ambiental de forma activa, la qual cosa permet escoltar m\u00fasica a un volum m\u00e9s baix.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Regla 60\/60:<\/strong> No m\u00e9s del 60% de volum als auriculars durant m\u00e9s de 60 minuts seguits.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dist\u00e0ncia<\/strong> A m\u00e9s dist\u00e0ncia de la font sonora, menor intensitat. Allunyar-se 1 metre pot reduir fins a 6 dB.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Revisions auditives peri\u00f2diques:<\/strong> Si treballes o vius en entorns sorollosos, realitza una <a href=\"\/ca\/audiologia\/\">audiometria<\/a> anual per detectar danys preco\u00e7os.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Condicions relacionades amb l'exposici\u00f3 a sons molestos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hipoac\u00fasia indu\u00efda pel soroll (NIHL):<\/strong> P\u00e8rdua auditiva permanent causada per exposici\u00f3 prolongada a sons intensos.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"\/ca\/loida\/tinnitus-o-acufens\/\">Tinnitus:<\/a><\/strong> Percepci\u00f3 de xiulades, brunzits o sorolls sense font sonora externa. Molt freq\u00fcent despr\u00e9s d'exposici\u00f3 intensa al soroll.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hiperac\u00fasia:<\/strong> Sensibilitat extrema a sons d'intensitat normal. Pot desenvolupar-se com a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de l'exposici\u00f3 al soroll.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Misofonia<\/strong> Aversi\u00f3 intensa a sons espec\u00edfics (mastegar, respirar), amb una resposta emocional desproporcionada.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preguntes freq\u00fcents sobre sons i dany auditiu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un soroll molt fort pot causar sordesa immediata?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00ed. Un<\/h1> <strong>traumatisme ac\u00fastic agut<\/strong> \u2014com una explosi\u00f3 o un tret sense protecci\u00f3\u2014 pot causar p\u00e8rdua auditiva severa o total de forma immediata. \u00c9s una urg\u00e8ncia m\u00e8dica que s'ha d'atendre en menys de 24-48 hores per tenir possibilitats de recuperaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Els brunzits despr\u00e9s d'un concert s\u00f3n permanents?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Generalment el tinnitus postconcert desapareix en <strong>24-48 hores<\/strong> si va ser una exposici\u00f3 puntual. No obstant aix\u00f2, cada episodi deixa un dany residual acumulatiu. Els episodis repetits poden derivar en un tinnitus cr\u00f2nic permanent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u00ed, hi ha sons que es consideren beneficiosos per a l'audici\u00f3 o que poden millorar la manera com processem els sons. Sovint s'anomenen ter\u00e0pia de so.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Els sons naturals suaus \u2014pluja, aigua corrent, cants d'ocells\u2014 no nom\u00e9s no danyen l'o\u00efda sin\u00f3 que contribueixen a la relaxaci\u00f3 i poden emmascarar el tinnitus. Les ter\u00e0pies de so i el <em>enriquiment sonor<\/em> s'utilitzen terap\u00e8uticament en pacients amb tinnitus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si notes xiulets, sensaci\u00f3 d'o\u00efda tapada o dificultat per escoltar despr\u00e9s d'una exposici\u00f3 a soroll intens, visita un especialista. En <strong>Audiotek<\/strong> duem a terme <a href=\"\/ca\/audiologia\/\">audiometries<\/a> completes i podem avaluar si existeix dany auditiu, amb <a href=\"https:\/\/audiotek.es\/ca\/centre-auditiu-barcelona\/\">valoraci\u00f3 d'un audioprotesista a Barcelona<\/a> i a la resta dels nostres centres. <a href=\"\/ca\/contacte\/\">Demana cita<\/a> sense comprom\u00eds.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alguna vegada has sentit que certs sons et posen els p\u00e8ls de punta o et generen una incomoditat immediata i involunt\u00e0ria? No \u00e9s una exageraci\u00f3: hi ha sons que, per la seva freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, intensitat o caracter\u00edstiques ac\u00fastiques, resulten especialment molestos i nocius per a l'o\u00efda humana. Con\u00e8ixer-los pot ajudar-te a protegir la teva audici\u00f3 i entendre millor com... <a title=\"Els 8 sons m\u00e9s molestos per a les O\u00efdes Humanes\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/audiotek.es\/ca\/sonidos-molestos-oidos\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre Los 8 sonidos m\u00e1s molestos para los O\u00eddos Humanos\">Llegeix m\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-consejos-de-salud","category-proteccion-auditiva"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sonidos desagradables: los 8 m\u00e1s molestos para el o\u00eddo | 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